# Wattbench > Works where the signal doesn't. Fault-code libraries, field calculators, AS/NZS explainers and dated compliance updates for Australian solar installers — installable, with every fault code searchable and the pages a job needs saved for use with no signal. Wattbench is the field bench for solar installers and electricians in Australia: fault-code libraries for the major inverter and battery brands, standards-anchored field calculators, AS/NZS explainers and dated Field Pulse briefings, built to answer fast on a phone, on the roof. It installs as an app whose fault-code finder and search index (every documented code and what it means), troubleshooting playbooks, standards references, core field calculators and current Pulse snapshots stay readable with no signal, which is the point: the sites where an answer is needed are frequently the sites with no reception. A brand's full fault library, the distributor readings and the worksheets each field pack carries are saved for offline use when the installer chooses that field pack, or, for a fault library of one of the 5 brands My Bench offers, chooses that brand there; other tools need a connection. Until a library is saved, a code is identified offline by its title, meaning and brand; its documented fix, reviewed remedies and sources need that library. Every technical figure is traceable to its source (manufacturer documentation, official authorities or the AS/NZS standards), calculators are estimates for guidance rather than compliance certificates, and nothing is fabricated: where a figure isn't sourced we leave it blank and say so. Australian English, currency in AUD, SAA-accredited practice. 16 brands and 1016 documented fault codes, 26 calculators, 4 source checks, 1 printable card, 16 explainers, 3 current briefings and 55 glossary terms, all free to read, no login. Last site-wide review: August 2026. ## Fault code libraries Documented inverter and battery error / alarm codes by manufacturer, rewritten so the cause and the fix read fast on a roof. - [Huawei Inverter Error Codes](https://wattbench.ai/huawei-inverter-error-codes): Huawei SUN2000 alarm reference with audience-separated, source-linked remedies for current M2 and M3 families; broader residential and backup codes remain explicitly unverified for those families. - [Sungrow Alarm Codes](https://wattbench.ai/sungrow-alarm-codes): A searchable Sungrow fault reference with current SH5T–SH25T remedies separated from earlier SH/RT/RS, string-inverter, battery and BDC records. - [Solis Alarm Codes](https://wattbench.ai/solis-alarm-codes): Solis alarm vocabulary from official service material, with owner-safe and installer guidance while exact Australian model and firmware applicability remains blank. - [Growatt Error Codes](https://wattbench.ai/growatt-error-codes): Current MOD XH and AU-hosted MOD XA codes — including the XA manual's full Warning and Error tables — separated from legacy TL/MTL search terms, with official remedies only where an exact cited manual supports them. - [GoodWe Error Codes](https://wattbench.ai/goodwe-error-codes): GoodWe inverter error codes for grid, isolation, temperature and internal faults, with clear guidance on self-recovery versus service. - [Fronius Error Codes](https://wattbench.ai/fronius-error-codes): Common Fronius State codes from the current Symo / Eco operating instructions, explained for owners and installers. - [SMA Error Codes](https://wattbench.ai/sma-error-codes): SMA event-code reference with source-linked remedies for Australian Sunny Tripower X models and explicit boundaries around older Sunny Boy and mixed-family records. - [Enphase Microinverter Error Codes](https://wattbench.ai/enphase-microinverter-error-codes): Enphase IQ event reference with current official remedies, plus the classic Envoy-era event vocabulary sourced to Enphase's own still-published legacy gateway manuals. - [SolaX Inverter Error Codes](https://wattbench.ai/solax-inverter-error-codes): Current X1/X3-Hybrid G4 faults with source-linked remedies, kept separate from remedy-blank legacy X-Hybrid C1 and DM9000 entries. - [SolarEdge Inverter Error Codes](https://wattbench.ai/solaredge-inverter-error-codes): Every table in SolarEdge's official Error Codes and Troubleshooting guide — residential, commercial three-phase, Synergy, TerraMax and warnings — with owner-safe and installer guidance where the guide documents one. - [Deye Inverter Fault Codes](https://wattbench.ai/deye-inverter-fault-codes): Deye SG04LP3-AU fault-table guidance, with deployed-firmware F08/F35 residues labelled and left without unsupported remedies. - [Tesla Powerwall Alert Codes](https://wattbench.ai/tesla-powerwall-alert-codes): What Tesla Powerwall's app alerts mean, from Breaker Open to Storm Watch, and what to do about them. - [Sigenergy SigenStor Fault Codes](https://wattbench.ai/sigenergy-sigenstor-fault-codes): Common SigenStor alarms (the 1000-series inverter codes) explained, with what each points to and what to check. - [FoxESS Inverter Error Codes](https://wattbench.ai/foxess-inverter-error-codes): FoxESS hybrid and R-series alarms with separate owner-safe checks and source-linked installer remedies. - [Sofar Inverter Error Codes](https://wattbench.ai/sofar-inverter-error-codes): Legacy Sofar ME3000SP ID codes anchored to the official manual, without inferring the same remedies for HYD or later inverter families. - [Hoymiles Microinverter Error Codes](https://wattbench.ai/hoymiles-microinverter-error-codes): Current official HMS/HMT alarms and remedies, separated from community-only OpenDTU decoder entries that remain remedy-blank. ## Fault families Codes from every library grouped by the condition the manufacturer's own title or description names. A family groups codes by the manufacturer's wording. It does not mean the codes share a cause, a trip setting or a fix: the same words can describe different measurements on different hardware, so work each code from its own entry and its manufacturer's document. - [Fault families](https://wattbench.ai/fault-families): Every family, its member count and how codes are placed - [Isolation fault family](https://wattbench.ai/fault-families/isolation): 25 codes across 13 brands whose manufacturer wording names low insulation resistance or an isolation fault between the PV array and earth. Grouped by wording, not by a shared cause, trip setting or fix. - [Grid voltage fault family](https://wattbench.ai/fault-families/grid-voltage): 128 codes across 15 brands whose manufacturer wording names grid or AC-side voltage outside the inverter's configured operating range. Grouped by wording, not by a shared cause, trip setting or fix. - [Grid frequency fault family](https://wattbench.ai/fault-families/grid-frequency): 85 codes across 15 brands whose manufacturer wording names grid frequency outside its range or changing too fast. Grouped by wording, not by a shared cause, trip setting or fix. - [Residual current fault family](https://wattbench.ai/fault-families/residual-current): 18 codes across 12 brands whose manufacturer wording names residual, leakage or ground-fault current. Grouped by wording, not by a shared cause, trip setting or fix. - [Arc fault family](https://wattbench.ai/fault-families/arc): 15 codes across 9 brands whose manufacturer wording names an arc fault, arc detection or the arc-fault circuit interrupter (AFCI). Grouped by wording, not by a shared cause, trip setting or fix. - [Over-temperature fault family](https://wattbench.ai/fault-families/over-temperature): 38 codes across 15 brands whose manufacturer wording names an over-temperature, overheating or high-temperature condition. Grouped by wording, not by a shared cause, trip setting or fix. - [Meter, CT and comms fault family](https://wattbench.ai/fault-families/meter-ct-comms): 23 codes across 9 brands whose manufacturer wording names an energy meter, a current transformer (CT) or an external communication link. Grouped by wording, not by a shared cause, trip setting or fix. - [BMS fault family](https://wattbench.ai/fault-families/bms): 16 codes across 5 brands whose manufacturer wording names the battery management system (BMS) or the battery's communication with the inverter. Grouped by wording, not by a shared cause, trip setting or fix. - [DC over-voltage fault family](https://wattbench.ai/fault-families/dc-over-voltage): 20 codes across 10 brands whose manufacturer wording names PV or DC input voltage above the inverter's input range. Grouped by wording, not by a shared cause, trip setting or fix. - [Relay and self-test fault family](https://wattbench.ai/fault-families/relay-self-test): 34 codes across 10 brands whose manufacturer wording names an output relay, or a self-test or self-check the inverter runs on its own protection. Grouped by wording, not by a shared cause, trip setting or fix. ## Calculators and source checks Transparent, in-browser field calculators, anchored to AS/NZS where a standard applies. No sign-up is required; signed-in users can deliberately save a calculator result. Entries marked "Source check" give no estimate and save nothing: they link to the live authority pages, record at most that the user checked them, and need a connection to open those pages. Entries marked "Printable card" give no estimate and save nothing: they lay out reviewed library text for printing. - [Solar System Size Calculator](https://wattbench.ai/solar-system-size-calculator): Turn your daily energy use, location-specific sun hours and entered system losses into an indicative array size and panel count. - [NEM12 Interval Data Load Profiler](https://wattbench.ai/nem12-load-profiler): Read a customer's NEM12 meter data file in your browser for daily grid import, kWh in your own time windows, peak interval-average demand, an average day and export totals. - [Solar Payback Calculator](https://wattbench.ai/solar-payback-calculator): Estimate annual savings and payback period from system cost, generation, self-consumption, electricity rate and feed-in tariff. - [Solar Panel Power Density Calculator](https://wattbench.ai/solar-panel-density-calculator): From rated power and module dimensions, compute power density in W/m², module efficiency and panels needed per kilowatt. - [Single or Three-Phase Supply Check](https://wattbench.ai/single-or-three-phase-power): Use visible main-switch or meter clues to identify a likely single- or three-phase supply without opening the switchboard. - [Three-Phase Load Balance Worksheet](https://wattbench.ai/three-phase-load-balance-worksheet): Compare entered phase currents, identify the highest and lowest phase, and quantify the spread without asserting a compliance limit. - [Supply Headroom Worksheet](https://wattbench.ai/supply-headroom-worksheet): Add the currents of proposed equipment to the per-phase demand you measured, and see the headroom in amps against the rating you enter. Measured-demand arithmetic only. - [Solar Battery Size Calculator](https://wattbench.ai/solar-battery-size-calculator): Size a home battery from your overnight energy use, days of autonomy, depth of discharge and round-trip efficiency. - [Battery Backup Runtime Calculator](https://wattbench.ai/battery-backup-runtime-calculator): Estimate how long a battery can support a nominated essential load from usable capacity, backup reserve and conversion efficiency. - [Battery Charge-Time & Surplus Planner](https://wattbench.ai/battery-charge-time-planner): Estimate energy needed and charge time from usable capacity, starting and target state of charge, surplus power and entered efficiency. - [Essential Load Schedule](https://wattbench.ai/essential-load-schedule): Turn entered continuous loads and daily run-times into a backup power and energy schedule, then compare each load's starting demand with the backup system's own surge rating. - [Solar STC Certificate Estimate (Australia)](https://wattbench.ai/solar-stc-rebate-calculator): Estimate certificate count and an entered gross value from system size, zone rating, deeming years and certificate price. - [Battery STC & WA Rebate Check](https://wattbench.ai/battery-stc-wa-rebate-check): Estimate battery STCs from the compliance-certification date and capacity, with a conditional WA programme amount for Synergy or Horizon Power areas. - [Solar Cable Voltage Drop Calculator](https://wattbench.ai/solar-cable-voltage-drop-calculator): Work out voltage drop on a DC string or single-phase AC run from the entered length, current, conductor size, voltage and material. - [AC Voltage Rise Worksheet](https://wattbench.ai/ac-voltage-rise-worksheet): Compare two entered voltage readings and document the rise in volts and percentage without applying a compliance verdict. - [AC Voltage Rise Budget](https://wattbench.ai/ac-voltage-rise-budget): Chain the AC cable segments from the inverter to the point of supply, estimate each segment's voltage rise at the inverter's rated output current, and compare the total with a budget you enter. - [Cable Sizing Calculator](https://wattbench.ai/solar-cable-sizing-calculator): Find the minimum conductor size that keeps a DC string or AC run under its voltage-drop limit, then round up to the next standard cable size, with the resulting drop shown. - [Continuity and Loop Impedance Expectation](https://wattbench.ai/loop-impedance-expectation): When an inverter or battery AC circuit, or an array bonding reading, looks high: the R1+R2, R2 and Zs the conductors you enter give by arithmetic, beside your measured value, with the difference and the causes to check. - [Roof Direction & Pitch Check](https://wattbench.ai/solar-tilt-orientation-calculator): Record a roof's direction and pitch, then read source-backed generation-timing guidance without an invented yield percentage. - [Near-Shade Sun-Path Check](https://wattbench.ai/near-shade-sun-path-check): Find when a tree, building or chimney near the array has the sun behind it, on a solstice and equinox sun-path chart, and the row spacing that is shade-free for a window you choose. - [Solar String Sizing Calculator](https://wattbench.ai/solar-string-sizing-calculator): Work out how many panels can go in series on a string, within the inverter's MPPT window and under the maximum system voltage, using temperature-corrected module voltages. - [String Test Verifier](https://wattbench.ai/string-test-verifier): Record each string's Voc, Isc and polarity, compare them with temperature-corrected expected values and with sibling strings, and keep the readings on this device. - [Right-Now Output Spot Check](https://wattbench.ai/output-spot-check): Check whether the inverter's live reading is plausible for a clear sky, against a clear-sky ceiling built offline from the sun's position, the array and your own figures, with no irradiance meter. - [Module & Inverter Compatibility Worksheet](https://wattbench.ai/module-inverter-compatibility-worksheet): Compare entered string voltage and current against documented inverter input limits at the design conditions you supply. - [Multi-Face MPPT Allocation Planner](https://wattbench.ai/mppt-allocation-planner): Allocate strings from several roof faces across one inverter's MPPT inputs, and check temperature-corrected voltages and summed currents against the limits you enter. - [Equipment Status Check](https://wattbench.ai/product-status-check): Source check. Check an exact inverter, PV module or battery model against the live Clean Energy Council (CEC) approved list, delisting and product recall pages and CSIP-AUS sources, plus Western Power network sources for WA sites. - [Owner Handover Card](https://wattbench.ai/owner-handover-card): Printable card. Print a one-page card for the system owner: the manufacturer's codes with the reviewed owner action for each, when to call the installer, and a blank list of what to send. - [DC:AC Ratio (Inverter Load Ratio) Calculator](https://wattbench.ai/solar-dc-ac-ratio-calculator): Calculate the ratio of entered array DC capacity to inverter AC rating, without prescribing an unsupported design band. - [End-of-Life & Battery Return Pathway](https://wattbench.ai/end-of-life-and-returns): Source check. For removal, replacement and warranty-return jobs: state and territory agency pages on PV modules, inverters and batteries, the Commonwealth's stewardship status, the ADG Code and manufacturer battery return pages. - [Grid Profile Settings Finder](https://wattbench.ai/grid-profile-settings): Source check. Where each inverter family sets its AS/NZS 4777.2 region or grid profile and which manufacturer document says so, with each distribution network's own inverter settings page and the region quoted only where that page states it. - [Inverter AC Protection Sheet](https://wattbench.ai/inverter-ac-protection): Source check. What each inverter family's installation manual states about the external RCD, the upstream AC breaker and the AC conductor range, with the document, revision, page and date read for every figure. ## Troubleshooting playbooks - [Inverter Not Producing Power](https://wattbench.ai/troubleshooting/inverter-not-producing-power): A safe, ordered triage for a system showing zero generation, from site conditions and monitoring through to the fault record an installer needs. - [Solar System Producing Less Than Expected](https://wattbench.ai/troubleshooting/solar-system-producing-less-than-expected): Separate normal variation from a real performance issue using like-for-like periods, monitoring evidence and a structured site handover. - [Grid Overvoltage and Repeated Inverter Tripping](https://wattbench.ai/troubleshooting/grid-overvoltage-inverter-tripping): Collect the evidence needed to distinguish a network condition, site voltage rise, settings issue or installation problem without guessing at the cause. - [Home Battery Not Charging](https://wattbench.ai/troubleshooting/battery-not-charging): Work through operating mode, reserve settings, solar availability, communications and fault evidence before escalating a battery issue. - [Solar Commissioning Handover Checklist](https://wattbench.ai/troubleshooting/solar-commissioning-handover-checklist): A practical record of the information, access and evidence that should leave the site with the customer and installer team. - [Solar Monitoring Offline or Not Updating](https://wattbench.ai/troubleshooting/solar-monitoring-offline): Separate a monitoring or communications outage from a generation fault and package the evidence needed for support. - [Inverter Intermittently Restarting](https://wattbench.ai/troubleshooting/inverter-intermittent-restarts): Build a timestamped pattern for repeated restarts without masking protection events or guessing at the cause. - [Solar Insulation or Earth-Leakage Alarm](https://wattbench.ai/troubleshooting/solar-insulation-earth-leakage-alarm): Treat insulation and leakage warnings as safety events, record the conditions and hand over a useful evidence pack. - [Home Battery Not Discharging](https://wattbench.ai/troubleshooting/battery-not-discharging): Check reserve, schedules, operating mode, site demand and communications before escalating a battery that remains idle. - [Battery Backup Did Not Operate](https://wattbench.ai/troubleshooting/battery-backup-failed): Record the outage, essential-load behaviour and battery state needed to assess a backup event. - [Solar Circuit Repeatedly Tripping](https://wattbench.ai/troubleshooting/solar-circuit-nuisance-tripping): Capture when a protective device operates and escalate without repeatedly resetting a potentially unsafe circuit. - [Export Control or Meter Commissioning Check](https://wattbench.ai/troubleshooting/export-control-meter-commissioning): A field record for systems that export unexpectedly, remain capped or show implausible power-flow direction. - [Post-Storm Solar System Check](https://wattbench.ai/troubleshooting/post-storm-solar-inspection): A safe ground-level check after hail, wind, lightning, flooding or debris impact, with clear stop conditions. ## Explainers Guides to the technology and grid rules behind Australian solar systems. - [HJT Solar Technology, Explained](https://wattbench.ai/hjt-solar-technology): How heterojunction cells use passivating contacts, what the architecture can support, and which exact-module figures installers must verify. - [Solar Cell Busbars & Multi-Busbar Design](https://wattbench.ai/solar-cell-busbars): How fingers and collectors balance shading and resistance, why conductor count is not a quality score, and what installers should verify. - [AC vs DC Solar Panels](https://wattbench.ai/ac-vs-dc-solar-panels): Trace conversion, MPPT, monitoring and battery coupling through string, optimiser and microinverter designs before choosing an architecture. - [Solar Panel Orientation & Tilt](https://wattbench.ai/solar-panel-orientation): A field workflow for matching azimuth and tilt to shade, interval load, tariffs, export limits, storage and the usable roof. - [How to Read a Solar Panel Datasheet](https://wattbench.ai/reading-a-solar-datasheet): Verify exact module identity, rating conditions, electrical and mechanical limits, approvals and warranty documents without borrowing generic figures. - [TOPCon Solar Cells, Explained](https://wattbench.ai/topcon-solar-cells): How TOPCon's tunnel-oxide passivating contact works, why it became mainstream, and which module-level figures installers must verify. - [Bifacial Solar Panels, Explained](https://wattbench.ai/bifacial-solar-panels): How rear irradiance, bifaciality and array geometry affect output and current, and what installers must verify before relying on a gain estimate. - [LFP vs NMC: Home Battery Chemistry](https://wattbench.ai/lfp-vs-nmc-home-batteries): A field-safe comparison of LFP and NMC that separates chemistry tendencies from the exact product, warranty, installation and support evidence that decides suitability. - [Solar Export Limiting, Explained](https://wattbench.ai/solar-export-limiting): How to read an Australian connection approval, distinguish fixed, zero and flexible export arrangements, and capture evidence without guessing network settings. - [Virtual Power Plants (VPP), Explained](https://wattbench.ai/virtual-power-plants): How to separate VPP capability, enrolment and live dispatch, compare contract terms, and triage unexpected battery behaviour without changing settings blindly. - [Microinverters vs String Inverters](https://wattbench.ai/microinverters-vs-string-inverters): Compare exact microinverter and string-inverter designs across MPPT allocation, shade, monitoring, failure boundaries and service access. - [Module and Inverter Compatibility](https://wattbench.ai/module-inverter-compatibility): A complete compatibility check covering cold Voc, MPPT operation, current, parallel strings, connectors and exact model documentation. - [Battery Backup Architecture and Essential Loads](https://wattbench.ai/battery-backup-architecture-essential-loads): How energy, power, transfer equipment and backed-up circuits combine to determine real outage behaviour. - [Export-Control Commissioning](https://wattbench.ai/export-control-commissioning): Commission export control from the connection approval through metering, CT direction, phase mapping and measured response. - [Grid-Voltage Investigations](https://wattbench.ai/grid-voltage-investigation): Build a defensible evidence chain from inverter events, named measurement points, site voltage rise and network escalation. - [Solar and Battery Commissioning Evidence Packs](https://wattbench.ai/commissioning-evidence-pack): What to retain so another competent person can understand the approved design, installed system, tests, changes and customer handover. ## Field Pulse Dated regulator, accreditation and compliance briefings. Read each authority and effective-status label before treating it as a current requirement. - [Mid-scale solar SRES expansion is proposed — not yet in force](https://wattbench.ai/pulse/mid-scale-solar-sres-expansion-proposal): Intended start only — subject to regulations. The government intends to extend SRES eligibility into mid-scale solar from October, but regulations and final eligibility guidance still have to land. - [PV labelling course turns inspection findings into field learning](https://wattbench.ai/pulse/pv-labelling-course-and-field-resources): Training and resources — no commencement date stated. SAA and CER have released a free PV labelling module and field resources built around recurring inspection findings. - [Battery labelling photos are now part of every SRES installation record](https://wattbench.ai/pulse/solar-battery-labelling-photo-evidence): In force from 1 March 2026. Installations from 1 March 2026 need clear photo evidence of critical battery labelling, in addition to the existing onsite verification record. ## Standards & reference - [Standards reference](https://wattbench.ai/standards): Scope of the 12 core AS/NZS and IEC standards behind Australian solar: AS/NZS 5033, 4777, 3000, 3008.1, 5139 and the IEC module/inverter standards (scope only; we don't reproduce the copyrighted text) - [Network connection authorities](https://wattbench.ai/network-authorities): Official live solar and battery connection guidance for 16 Australian distribution networks; site-specific approvals override general guidance and Wattbench does not cache generic export limits - [Fault-code finder](https://wattbench.ai/fault-codes): Search every documented code across all brands - [Learn hub](https://wattbench.ai/field-guides): Evergreen technology, design and compliance explainers - [Field Pulse](https://wattbench.ai/pulse): Dated standards, regulator and accreditation updates - [Calculators hub](https://wattbench.ai/tools): All interactive field calculators - [Glossary](https://wattbench.ai/glossary): Solar and electrical terms, defined and fact-checked - [Ask Watt](https://wattbench.ai/ask): Grounded AI assistant: ask about a code, calculator or standard, answered from Wattbench with the source cited - [Methodology](https://wattbench.ai/methodology): How the bench works: traceable figures, blanks over guesses, manufacturer-neutral - [About](https://wattbench.ai/about): What Wattbench is, who it's for, and the Solar Analytica network it belongs to - [Contact](https://wattbench.ai/contact): Corrections, data licensing, partnerships and media. A real person reads every message - [Changelog](https://wattbench.ai/changelog): A dated record of what has shipped on the bench - [Search](https://wattbench.ai/search): Search the full bench ## The network Wattbench is the applied bench in a wider evidence-first solar network. - [Solar Analytica](https://solaranalytica.com): Sister site: evidence-first solar market data, indices and projections - [review.solar](https://review.solar): Sister site: independent product scorecards for panels, batteries and inverters ## Optional - [Full content](https://wattbench.ai/llms-full.txt): Every explainer, fault code, glossary term and calculator, inlined as plain text - [Fault code data (JSON)](https://wattbench.ai/fault-codes.json): Open data: every documented fault code, free with attribution - [Fault code data (CSV)](https://wattbench.ai/fault-codes.csv): The same library as a spreadsheet-friendly download - [Resource graph (JSON)](https://wattbench.ai/resource-graph.json): Canonical resources, field taxonomy, supported relationships and provenance coverage - [RSS feed](https://wattbench.ai/feed.xml): New fault libraries, calculators, explainers and Field Pulse briefings - [Sitemap](https://wattbench.ai/sitemap.xml): XML index of every indexable page - [AI usage policy](https://wattbench.ai/ai.txt): How AI assistants may use this content - [Security policy](https://wattbench.ai/.well-known/security.txt): How to report a security issue (RFC 9116)